Sudán – De la revolución de 2018-2019 a la guerra civil. Orígenes, evolución y «actores regionales». [Khalid Mustafa Medani] 

Una mujer sudanesa durante una manifestación para exigir un órgano civil que dirija la transición a la democracia, frente al cuartel general del ejército en Jartum, el 12-4-2019. Ahsraf Shazly/AFP vía Getty Images.

Jartum, 16-4-2024. (KEYSTONE/XINHUA/Mohamed Khidir)

Un negocio de compraventa de oro en Atbara, Sudán, 2021. Simon Marks/Bloomberg vía Getty Images.

  1. Sudan crisis sends shockwaves around the region as displacement, hunger, and malnutrition soar,” WFP, February 19, 2024.
  2. The National Population Council, Ministry of Social Welfare and Security, “Sudan Millennium Development Goals Progress Report, 2010,” July 23, 2012, p. 67.
  3. IMF Country Report No. 13/318: “Sudan: Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper,” (October 2013), p. 6.
  4. Sudan: Public Expenditure Review, Synthesis Report,” World Bank, Report no. 41840-SD. Washington DC. December 2007.
  5. World Bank: “The Sudan Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper Status Report,” (October 2016), p. 1.
  6. Ahmed Gallab, The First Islamic Republic: Development and Disintegration of Islamism in Sudan (Surrey: Ashgate, 2008).
  7. Anne L. Bartlett, “Dismantling the ‘Deep State’ in Sudan,” Australisian Review of African Studies, 41/1, (2020), pp. 51-57.
  8. Harry Verhoeven, “The rise and fall of Sudan’s Al-Ingaz Revolution: The Transition from Militarised Islamism to Economic Salvation and the Comprehensive Peace Agreement,” Civil Wars 15/2 (2013), pp. 118-140.
  9. Burhan lets the Islamists back in,” Africa Confidential 62/10 (May 12, 2022).
  10. Al-Burhan forms committee to dissociate al-Bashir’s regime in Sudan,” Middle East Monitor, December 11, 2019.
  11. Analyzing Trade, Oil and Gold: Recommendations to Support Trade Integrity in Sudan,” Global Financial Integrity, May 2020, p. 3.
  12. Analyzing Trade, Oil and Gold: Recommendations to Support Trade Integrity in Sudan,” Global Financial Integrity, May 2020, p. 3.
  13. U.N. Panel of Experts Reveals Gold Smuggling and Cluster Bombs in Darfur,” Relief Web, April 12, 2016.